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Friesland (pronounce freeze land) is one of the 13 provinces the
Netherlands comprise. Friesland is a low lying country of meadows cut by small canals to keep the grass dry. In
autumn when there is more precipitation the meadows flush and not much cold is necessary to freeze the thin layer of water. It lies in the northeast.
The original inhabitants have blood ties with the Celts. They are a bit stubborn
and cult their tradition. Apart from Dutch they speak their own Fries language (which is not a Dutch dialect!).
Hence, it is not surprisingly they developed their own model of ice skates.
Detail 1 shows the fronts of Friesland skates until
about 1850: a hand forced sharp pin. Because this pin easily caused
wounds it was rounded as is shown in detail 2. By the end of the 19th
century when the blacksmiths began using parts made by the German
metalworking industry brass acorn finials were introduced (detail 3).
Around 1920 the acorns were replaced by small hand cut curls (detail 4).
At last the laborious curls were skipped and all that lasted was a
simple rounded piece of wood as shown in detail 5.
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Fig.1: Friesland speed skates,
around 1850
Traditional model with high rising neck and short runners. This is the 'old'
model which means that the runner blades end approximately 3 cm before the
back of the platform. Look at figure 2 to see the difference with the
extended blades of the 'new' model.
Braking with 'old' ice skates was done by lifting the toes a little and scratching the ice with the sharp hook at the rear. This required balance and often caused injuries when the skater lost it and tumbled backward.
Manufacturer: unknown
Mark: none
Technical data:
total length: 42 cm; height over ice: 3.2 cm;
platforms: 29 cm long, 5 cm wide;
runner blades: 12 mm tall, 3 mm thick;
weight: 230 g
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Fig.2: Friesland speed skates,
around 1880
Contrary to 'old' Friesland ice skates the blades of these
skates run until the end of (and sometimes beyond) the platforms making them both faster and safer. They required a different method of braking which was done by sliding sideward and scraping the ice in stead of scratching it.
This is standing practice nowadays
Manufacturer: unknown
Mark: none
Technical data:
total length: 40.5 cm; height over ice: 3.3 cm;
platforms: 28 cm long, 5 cm wide;
runner blades: 15 mm tall, 2.5 mm thick;
weight: 240 g
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detail 1 |